Fibromyalgia is a common form of arthritis that is characterized by generalized aches and pains, chronic fatigue, non-restorative sleep, and often other symptoms that suggest multi-system disease. Important research findings have shown FM patients to have higher levels of Substance P- a neurotransmitter responsible for pain processing- and lower levels of somatomedin C and growth hormone, substances required for normal musculoskeletal health. Abnormalities involving the levels of serotonin, dopamine, nor-epinephrine, and muscle- related chemicals, adenosine and phosphocreatine have also been demonstrated.

Deficiencies in brain blood flow patterns as well as new genetic research indicating a mutation in the regulatory region of the serotonin transporter gene are unraveling some of the mysteries surrounding FM. Despite these exciting discoveries, a number of myths still surround this condition:

Myth# 1: "Only women get FM." ? Actually more than 5% of patients are men and that number appears to be increasing.

Myth#2: "Only adults get FM." ? Actually, FM probably begins in childhood. "Growing pains" ? may actually be a form of fibromyalgia. Approximately, two and one half per cent of children seen in a pediatric rheumatology clinic setting have FM.

Myth# 3: "FM is only a form of arthritis." ? FM, while often presenting as a musculoskeletal syndrome, is a disorder that has its roots in central nervous system neurotransmitter dysfunction. This dysfunction leads to multi-system complaints. That is why FM patients often have breathlessness, palpitations, bowel and bladder symptoms along with aches and pains..

Myth #4: "FM is a wastebasket term for when a doctor doesn't know what to call it." ? This is the most damaging of myths. Patients with FM have a real disorder. While the science is lagging behind as far as providing specific commonly used tests that may assist in diagnosis, there are multiple stereotypical signs and symptoms that demonstrate true objective abnormalities and can help trained physicians identify patients who have FM easily.

Myth#5: "There is no treatment for FM." ? Nothing could be farther from the truth. While there is no one individual treatment that works well for everyone, there are multiple treatments that are usually effective. Most people respond to a combination of therapies that include cognitive behavioral therapy, non-impact aerobic exercise, and medications. Other therapies that often help include; acupuncture, hypnosis, massage, chiropractic, tai chi, water exercise, nutritional supplements, and biofeedback.

Myth# 6: "Patients with FM should avoid exercise." ? False! If done too quickly or vigorously, exercise can be painful. However, if a graduated program that allows the patient to ease into exercise and allows them to progress at an acceptable pace is instituted, exercise is actually a cornerstone of proper FM treatment. The key is proper technique and pace.

FM is a common problem. Patients should have hope because FM can be managed successfully. People who suspect they might have FM should be evaluated by a trained physician.